Israel operates a multi-layered missile defense system to protect against various aerial threats, ranging from ballistic missiles that travel through space to low-flying cruise missiles and rockets.
At the base of this defense is the **Iron Dome**, a well-known system due to frequent regional conflicts, especially following Hamas’ October 7 attack on Israel and the Israeli military’s retaliatory strikes on Gaza.
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The Iron Dome is designed to intercept rockets and artillery shells that threaten populated areas. Its radar detects incoming threats, and a command system determines if they are dangerous. If necessary, ground-launched missiles destroy them mid-air.
The second layer of defense is **David’s Sling**, which guards against short- and medium-range missile threats.
Developed by Israel’s Rafael Advanced Defense System in partnership with U.S. defense company Raytheon, it uses advanced kinetic interceptors like the Stunner and SkyCeptor to neutralize targets up to 186 miles away.
The top tiers of defense are **Arrow 2** and **Arrow 3**, both co-developed with the U.S.
**Arrow 2** employs fragmentation warheads to destroy ballistic missiles as they re-enter the atmosphere, while **Arrow 3** intercepts these missiles in space using hit-to-kill technology before they can descend toward their targets.
Together, these systems provide comprehensive protection against a wide range of missile threats.